Abstract
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Immunohistochemical Profiles of p53 and ER in Relation to Lesion Type, Tumor Grade, and Pathological Features in Endometrial Cancer
by Ibrahim Jafri, Ghadi Alsharif, Mohamed El-Sharnouby, Basem H. Elesawy, Osama M. Mehanna, Ahmad El Askary
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Background: The goal was to assess the pathological measurements of estrogen receptor (ER) and p53 expression in tissues of uterine endometrial carcinoma and their relationship to various clinicopathologic parameters that influence prognosis.
Methods: The current study included 40 cases of endometrial carcinoma in total hysterectomy samples obtained from the preservation documents of the Al Azhar University Hospitals along with certain privately operated laboratories between April 2023 and April 2025. Each of the samples was formalin-fixed, subsequently processed and placed inside paraffin blocks. Several serial 5-micron thick sections were extracted from the samples' paraffin blocks; one was stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histopathological analysis to figure out tumor histology, grade, and lymphovascular invasion, whereas the remaining sections were put on positively charged slides and im-munostained with mouse monoclonal antibodies against p53, as well as rabbit monoclonal antibodies against ER.
Results: The mean age of the study group was 52.20 ± 12.25 years ranging from 38 - 69; 25 (62.5%) had type I lesions and 15 (37.5%) had type II lesions. Twenty-six (65.0%) had wild (normal) IHC: p53 and 14 (35.0%) had mutant (abnormal) IHC: p53. Eleven (27.5%) were negative for IHC: ER and 29 (72.5%) were positive for IHC: ER. There was highly statistically significant association between IHC: p53 and type of lesions (p = 0.001) and statistically significant association between IHC: p53 and grade of pathology (p = 0.007). There were highly statistically significant associations between IHC: ER and lesions (p = 0.001), lymphovascular invasion (p = 0.001) and statistically significant association between IHC: ER and grade of pathology (p = 0.013). There was statistically significant association between IHC: p53 and IHC: ER (p = 0.014).
Conclusions: p53 and ER markers were discovered to have a pathological significance in EC. There is a link among these markers and other clinicopathological predictive measures, suggesting that they could serve as possibly beneficial biomarkers.
DOI: 10.7754/Clin.Lab.2025.250513
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