Clinical Laboratory

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Abstract	Diagnostic Aspects of a Bacillus Calmette-Guërin (BCG) Infection Following Intravesical Treatment for Bladder Cancer by Jae Hyun Cha, Keun Ju Kim, Seung Gyu Yun, Myung-Hyun Nam, Gyeong In Lee, Yunjung Cho

	Background: Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) infection is a rare complication of intravesical immunotherapy for bladder cancer. Distinguishing Mycobacterium bovis BCG from other Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex members is crucial due to intrinsic drug resistance. Methods: We report a case of BCG infection following intravesical immunotherapy and propose three laboratory clues. Results: White, spreading umbonate colony morphology; negative M. tuberculosis protein 64 (MPT-64) antigen test; and nearly identical cycle threshold values for insertion sequence 6110 (IS6110) and internal transcribed spacer targets in real-time PCR strongly suggest BCG infection. Conclusions: These findings could facilitate the rapid identification of M. bovis BCG and appropriate treatments. DOI: 10.7754/Clin.Lab.2025.250644

Abstract