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Background: Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is an opportunistic pulmonary infectious disease. It is extremely rare in non-HIV-infected pregnant women.
Methods: Appropriate laboratory tests, Next Generation Sequencing, Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO).
Results: A 25-year-old pregnant woman with gestational diabetes and no HIV infection presented with fever, cough, and hypoxemia. Through chest imaging, gene sequencing of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and serological testing, she was diagnosed with severe PCP. The patient received invasive mechanical ventilation, VV-ECMO, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim and caspofungin treatment, after which her condition improved significantly.
Conclusions: Pregnant women with diabetes mellitus who are not infected with HIV and present with fever and hypoxemia as the primary symptoms should be vigilant for PCP.
DOI: 10.7754/Clin.Lab.2025.250750
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