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Background: It is not known whether alterations of adipose tissue fatty acid compositions predict type 2 diabetes. Our goal was to characterize the relationship between the adipose tissue fatty acid compositions and type 2 diabetes.
Methods: We evaluated the fatty acid compositions of subcutaneous adipose tissue. These analyses were carried out on samples from 76 normal and 98 diabetic adults. Analysis was performed on a gas chromatograph.
Results: The adipose tissue palmitic acid composition of diabetic subjects (24.9% ±0.3) was significantly higher (p = 0.01) than in the controls (23.3% ±1.6). A significant negative correlation (r = -0.276, p = 0.001) was found between adipose tissue polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and the Chol/HDL-C ratio of all the subjects studied (controls plus diabetic patients). A similar negative correlation (r = -0.429, p = 0.001) was identified only for control group, whereas no significant correlation (p>0.05) was found for diabetic populations. The correlation between fatty acid compositions and serum lipid profiles (TG, HDL-C, Chol/HDL-C, LDL-C/HDL-C proportion) and fasting blood sugar (FBS) with HbA1c concentrations of people with diabetes and controls was not significant.
Conclusions: A high amount of palmitic acid in adipose tissue may increase the risk of the type 2 diabetes and it seems that a high intake of PUFAs can lead to lowering of the Chol/HDL-C ratio.
DOI: Clin. Lab. 2012;58:457-464
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